Open Access

Table 5

Development directions for the protection capabilities against extreme climate hazards.

Extreme climate hazard Development directions against extreme climate hazards
External flood/Extreme rainfall
  • Optimization of the functional zoning layout for nuclear safety related SSCs in NPPs;

  • Research and development of high-performance water-proof SSCs and materials, etc.

Extreme wind/tornado
  • Optimization of the general layout of the NPPs;

  • Research and development of high-strength building materials, etc.

Extreme air temperature
  • Extreme low air temperature: Research and development of anti-freezing technology, low-temperature heat tracing technology, high-performance building materials and thermal insulation materials, electric heating systems, etc.

  • Extreme high air temperature: Optimization of high-efficiency cooling systems, research and development of high-performance thermal insulation materials, etc.

Extreme water temperature
  • Extreme low water temperature: Research and development of high-performance thermal insulation materials, low-temperature heat tracing technology, etc.

  • Extreme high water temperature: Research and development of high-efficiency heat exchangers (condensers), passive cooling systems, high-performance thermal insulation materials, etc.

Snow
  • Research and development of high-strength building structural materials, etc.

Sandstorm
  • Research and development of high-strength building structural materials, high-efficiency sand wind barrier technologies, sealing protection technologies, etc.

Electromagnetic interference
  • Research and development of high-performance shielding materials, anti-interference electrical and instrumentation and control systems, etc.

Biological phenomena
  • Research and development of aquatic organism prediction and repelling technologies, high-efficiency ventilation cooling tower technologies, optimization of interception facility technologies, aquatic organism disinfection and treatment technologies, etc.

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.