Research advances on adsorption materials for the purification of radioactive wastewater

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Review

Table 3

Performance and characteristics of engineered adsorption materials applied in radioactive wastewater purification.

Category	Adsorbent material	Adsorbed radionuclide	Adsorption capacity	Characteristics	Reference
MOF-based	PA/PEI @Zr-MOF (PPFM)	Iodine, DMNP	609 mg/g (adsorption capacity)	Dual-functional adsorption; rapid adsorption rate; minimal secondary contamination; simplified adsorption process	[30]
MOF-based	UiO-66-Lys/PAN	Co(Ⅱ)	41.4 mg/g (adsorption capacity)	High adsorption capacity; good stability.	[31]
COF-based	COFs	–	–	High surface area and porosity; excellent stability and selectivity.	[33]
COF-based	COF-1	${UO}_{2}^{2 +}$ ${\mathrm{UO}}_2^{2+}$	411 mg/g	High adsorption capacity; high selectivity, good salt tolerance, reusable.	[32]
	COF-2	${ReO}_{4}^{-}$ ${\mathrm{ReO}}_4^{-}$	984 mg/g (adsorption capacity)
MXene-based	Ti₃C₂T_x MXene	Eu(III)	117.87 mg/g (adsorption capacity)	Good layered structure and high surface area; good adsorption performance.	[34]
MXene-based	CA-Alk-Ti₃C₂	Eu(III)	117.87 mg/g (adsorption capacity)	Rich adsorption sites; good adsorption performance; reusable.	[35]
Graphene-based	ssFG	U	3.45 eV (C₂F adsorption energy)	Good adsorption capacity for uranium with minimal temperature dependence.	[36]
			1.20 eV (C₆F adsorption energy)
			1.12 eV (C₈F adsorption energy)
	PAO-N-rGO/CF	U(VI)	99.93%	Excellent selectivity and regeneration capability.	[37]
	GO, LDHs, MXenes	U, Pb, Zn, Cd	1062 mg/g (adsorption capacity)	Good adsorption and regeneration capacity; effective for removing a variety of pollutants.	[40]
			277.8 mg/g (adsorption capacity)
Carbon Nanotube-based	CNTs	Co²⁺	25.1 mg/g (adsorption capacity)	Rich adsorption sites; good thermal stability; simultaneous physical and chemical adsorption.	[38]
Carbon Nanotube-based	Fe₃O₄/CNT	U(Ⅵ)	287.53 mg/g (adsorption capacity)	High capacitance, fast separation speed.	[39]

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